📖 课堂笔记

📅 生成时间:2026年05月22日 19:37 🏫 威杰英语课堂笔记

📖 定语从句

📅 日期: 2026年05月22日


🎯 学习目标

📝 笔记整理:

定语从句:由关系词引导的句子作名词的定语。名词又叫先行词。

先行词具体可以分为:A 指代人/动物   B 指代事情、事件、事物

📌 当先行词             指代“人  

▶️A 如果先行词在从句中作主语,此时,关系词为who

例如:I dont know the boy   who  talked with you just now.                                                   

▶️B 如果先行词在从句中作宾语 ,此时,关系词为whom

例如:I dont know the boy  whom  you talked with   just now  

▶️C 如果先行词在从句中作定语 ,此时,关系词为whose

例如:I dont know the boy whose maths is good.    

此时whose 可以理解为“。。。的 ” ,不可用任何词语替代。

📌 先行词指代“物 ”

▶️A. 物----> 事情, 事件,事物 ,当其在从句中,作主语,宾语时,一律使用which 作为关系词,当然中可以使用that                                                                          

🔔如果作:定语,那么,关系词使用 whose

Toms family bought a house whose windows face south.   

▶️B.  指代

✅时间 如果在从句中作状语,使用when 作为其关系词    

 I remember the day when I first entered my new high school.                      

地点,如果在从句中作状语,使用where 作为其关系词

I am happy to have a classroom where 50 desks can be placed.

原因:  如果在从句中作状语,使用why作为其关系词   

I cant believe the reason why he was late for school

🔔如果指代时间,地点,原因的先行词在从句中作宾语,那么,该关系一律使用which/that 来替代when, where, why.                                                                 

I cant forget the day ___that/which __ we spent in our school.

Thats is the museum ___that/which___ we visited last week.  

🔔当定语从句的先行词指代时间,地点,原因时,且其在从句中作状语时   其关系词when, where, why , 可以使用 介词 + which  来替换。   

 

🔔此时,介词为:与先行词或明或暗的搭配关系  , why的先行词指代原因,而能够指代原因只有一个是for,  此时,其关系词为唯一 for which ....

                                                                                                                        

➡️I remember the day  __on __   which I entered my new school for the first time.                                                                         

➡️Where is Lucy?

She is in the room __in__ which she lives for many years.  

 

📌 “介词 + which/whom     ”的定语从句

whose 引导定语从句时,其可以用“介词 of + which/whom          来转换    

其转换规则: the + (whose 所修饰的名词)+ of which/whom   

➡️I dont understand well the listening question _the___ __answer___ of __which___ sounds strange and impossible.  

 

📌 “介词 + which /whom    ”的定语从句

在表示“部分与整体          的关系时后, 含义:。。。, 其中。。。是。。。 其中介词是唯一的of.        数词 + of + which/whom          

我们班有56名学生,其中,20名是男生 。                                                            

        ➡️ There are 56 students in our class, 20 of whom are boy students.

 

📌在定语从句中,从句的谓语动词与介词、副词搭配使用。此时,介词、副词可以提前到关系代词之前。即可。                                                                                                         

➡️I dont know the boy whom you talked about just now.

---> : I dont know the boy about whom you talked just now.

 🪸  定语从句的特殊考点

📌A 只能用   that        引导的定语从句

1,  先行词为-thing ( something, anything...); all , much, any + 。。。 (事情,事件,事物                   

2.  现行词为名词,且被最高级、序数词修饰

3.  先行词被the only, the very 修饰限制时

4.  先行词既有人又有物时,

5.  there be ...主语 + that....

📌B.  只能用as 的定语从句 , 当现行词被 the same, such 修饰时,那么,定语从句的关系词用as 替代其它。

1. 非限制性定语从句(用标点符号将现行词与关系词隔开时), 不能使用that 引导从句,其它关系词皆可以                                                                       

2.  在主句为one of ... 的句型中, of 之后为现行词,且为名词复数,如果 one of 被the only 修饰,那么                 that从句的谓语动词 为“单数第三人称      否则,为复数。

  ➡️Math is the only one of the most difficult subjects ,that Qin Yuze studies in school.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

3. 当现行词在从句中,作宾语时,那么,其关系词可以省略不要。